Black ironwood Plant Care

Black ironwood (Libidibia monosperma) belongs to the Fabaceae family within the Libidibia genus. Black ironwood is native to the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands. Black ironwood is also known as African ironwood.

Black ironwood displays a tall tree, spreading canopy growth habit, reaching up to 30 ft tall with a spread of approximately 20 ft. Black ironwood produces showy clusters of yellow flowers.

Leaf size: approximately 6 inches.

Water a young or newly planted Black ironwood every 7–14 days, soaking the whole root zone, until it is established — usually one to two growing seasons. Established trees mainly need water during long dry spells. In a container, water whenever the top few centimetres of soil are dry.

Black ironwood thrives in full sun to partial shade.

Libidibia monosperma tolerates temperatures of 65–85°F. Black ironwood prefers humidity levels of 40–70%.

Well-draining sandy loam with added organic matter. Good drainage is essential for Black ironwood to prevent waterlogging, which leads to root rot and fungal issues.

Feed Black ironwood every 6 months during the growing season with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at the rate on the label. Established trees in good soil often need little extra feeding, so let weak growth or pale foliage guide you.

Stop feeding by late summer so new growth can harden before winter.

The PlantoScan app can remind you when to water and when to fertilize each plant.

Choose a spot with full sun to partial shade and well-draining sandy loam with added organic matter. Avoid low spots where water collects after rain.

Black ironwood is suited to USDA Zone 13b.

Plant container-grown or balled-and-burlapped trees in spring or early autumn, setting the root flare at soil level, and water well after planting.

Black ironwood can spread to about 20 ft (6.1 m) and reach about 30 ft (9 m) tall. Space plants about 20 ft (6.1 m) apart so mature crowns don't crowd each other, and plant at least half that distance from buildings, fences and paths.

Planning a row or hedge? Try the tree spacing calculator.

Prune Black ironwood while it is dormant in late winter: first remove dead, damaged and crossing branches, then thin lightly for shape.

If it flowers in spring, prune right after flowering instead so you don't remove next year's buds. Never take off more than about a quarter of the tree in one year.

Black ironwood is frost-tender (hardy to USDA zone 13). In colder areas grow it in a container and move it to a bright, frost-free place before the first frost.

Black ironwood can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings. Similar propagation techniques also apply to divi-divi plant care, which shares the same genus.

See all plants toxic to cats and plants toxic to dogs.

Black ironwood is susceptible to aphids, spider mites, whiteflies. Inspect the foliage regularly, especially along leaf undersides and stems. Treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or neem oil to prevent spread.

Yellow leaves, brown tips or drooping? See common plant problems and how to fix them.

Black ironwood grows outdoors in USDA Zone 13b. It survives winters down to planting zone 13b. Black ironwood is native to the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands. In cooler regions, grow Black ironwood as a houseplant or bring it indoors before the first frost.