
Photo: Guillaume DelaitreCC BY 4.0via iNaturalistresized / cropped
Dragon Tree Plant Care
Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq.
Updated · Sources · How we source care data
This plant is known for its distinctively large, glossy green leaves that are shaped like an elongated heart. Originating from the Caribbean, this tree is highly sought after by plant collectors for its beautiful crimson-red wood that is used for making furniture and musical instruments.
Every 7–14 days
Full sun to partial shade
65–85°F
40–70%
At a glance
How do you care for Dragon Tree?
Plant Dragon Tree in full sun to partial shade (USDA zones 11a–12b) and water a young tree every 7–14 days until it is established. It tolerates temperatures of 65–85°F (18–29°C). Fertilize it every 6 months during the growing season.
Where Is the Dragon Tree Native To?
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Argentina
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Cayman Islands
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Curaçao
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- French Guiana
- Grenada
- Guadeloupe
- Guatemala
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Jamaica
- Martinique
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Puerto Rico
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Lucia
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- Virgin Islands, British
- Virgin Islands, U.S.
What Is the Dragon Tree?
Dragon Tree (Pterocarpus officinalis) belongs to the Fabaceae family within the Pterocarpus genus. Dragon Tree is native to southern Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. Dragon Tree is also known as Dragon's Blood Tree, Bloodwood, West Indian Rosewood.
Dragon Tree displays a tall, spreading tree growth habit, reaching up to 30 ft tall with a spread of approximately 20 ft. Dragon Tree produces small, inconspicuous flowers in clusters.
Leaf size: approximately 6 inches.
How Often Should You Water a Dragon Tree?
Water a young or newly planted Dragon Tree every 7–14 days, soaking the whole root zone, until it is established — usually one to two growing seasons. Established trees mainly need water during long dry spells. In a container, water whenever the top few centimetres of soil are dry.
Watering Frequency
Every 7–14 days
Until established; then in dry spells
What Light Does the Dragon Tree Need?
Dragon Tree thrives in full sun to partial shade.
Light Requirement
Full sun to partial shade
What Temperature and Humidity Does the Dragon Tree Prefer?
Pterocarpus officinalis tolerates temperatures of 65–85°F. Dragon Tree prefers humidity levels of 40–70%.
Temperature
65–85°F
Humidity
40–70%
What Soil Mix Works Best for a Dragon Tree?
Well-draining sandy loam with added organic matter for moisture retention. Good drainage is essential for Dragon Tree to prevent waterlogging, which leads to root rot and fungal issues.
How Often Should You Fertilize a Dragon Tree?
Feed Dragon Tree every 6 months during the growing season with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at the rate on the label. Established trees in good soil often need little extra feeding, so let weak growth or pale foliage guide you.
Stop feeding by late summer so new growth can harden before winter.
Fertilizing
Every 6 months
During the growing season
The PlantoScan app can remind you when to water and when to fertilize each plant.
Where Should You Plant a Dragon Tree?
Choose a spot with full sun to partial shade and well-draining sandy loam with added organic matter for moisture retention. Avoid low spots where water collects after rain.
Dragon Tree is suited to USDA Zone 11a – 12b.
Plant container-grown or balled-and-burlapped trees in spring or early autumn, setting the root flare at soil level, and water well after planting.
How Far Apart Should You Plant a Dragon Tree?
Dragon Tree can spread to about 20 ft (6.1 m) and reach about 30 ft (9 m) tall. Space plants about 20 ft (6.1 m) apart so mature crowns don't crowd each other, and plant at least half that distance from buildings, fences and paths.
Planning a row or hedge? Try the tree spacing calculator.
How Do You Prune a Dragon Tree?
Prune Dragon Tree while it is dormant in late winter: first remove dead, damaged and crossing branches, then thin lightly for shape.
If it flowers in spring, prune right after flowering instead so you don't remove next year's buds. Never take off more than about a quarter of the tree in one year.
How Do You Care for a Dragon Tree in Winter?
Dragon Tree is frost-tender (hardy to USDA zone 11). In colder areas grow it in a container and move it to a bright, frost-free place before the first frost.
How Do You Propagate a Dragon Tree?
Dragon Tree can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings. Similar propagation techniques also apply to kiaat plant care, which shares the same genus.
Is the Dragon Tree Toxic to Pets and Children?
Pet safety not verified
The ASPCA does not list Dragon Tree, so we can't confirm whether it is safe for cats and dogs. Keep pets from chewing it as a precaution.
This is a general caution, not veterinary or medical advice. If your pet ate a plant, contact your vet or animal poison control.
See all plants toxic to cats and plants toxic to dogs.
What Pests and Diseases Affect the Dragon Tree?
Dragon Tree is susceptible to aphids, caterpillars, scale insects. Inspect the foliage regularly, especially along leaf undersides and stems. Treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or neem oil to prevent spread.
Yellow leaves, brown tips or drooping? See common plant problems and how to fix them.
What USDA Hardiness Zone Does the Dragon Tree Need?
Dragon Tree grows outdoors in USDA Zone 11a – 12b. It survives winters down to planting zone 11a. Dragon Tree is native to southern Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. In cooler regions, grow Dragon Tree as a houseplant or bring it indoors before the first frost.
Hardiness Zone
Zone 11a – 12b
Keep exploring plants
Dragon Tree is one of many species covered in the complete plant care and identification guide, which groups plants by genus, attribute, and popularity.
It belongs to the Pterocarpus genus — compare its care with other Pterocarpus species on PlantoScan.
Pterocarpus is part of the Fabaceae plant family — browse all Fabaceae genera and species.
Dragon Tree thrives in bright light and direct sun — see other bright-light plants.
More Pterocarpus Species
Other Pterocarpus species in PlantoScan's care catalogue share similar watering, light, and soil preferences:
Sources
- Scientific name & taxonomy: Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq., family Fabaceae (first published in Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. : 283 (1763)) — World Flora Online record, IPNI name record.
- Pet toxicity: Pet safety not verified: the ASPCA does not list Dragon Tree, so we can't confirm whether it is safe for cats and dogs. Checked against the ASPCA plant list; any other toxicity note on this page comes from PlantoScan's plant database.
- Photo: Guillaume Delaitre, CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist — original.
- Hardiness zone: USDA Zone 11a – 12b, estimated from the plant's typical growing conditions.
- Care values(watering, light, temperature, humidity, soil, fertilizing): PlantoScan's plant database, filtered by automatic plausibility checks — values that fail them are hidden. How we source and check plant data.
Spotted a mistake? Email info@upvision.media with the page link — we check and correct reported errors.
