
Photo: avocatCC BY 4.0via iNaturalistresized / cropped
Gumbo-limbo Plant Care
Bursera simaruba Sarg.
Updated · Sources · How we source care data
This tree's distinctive peeling red bark sets it apart from others in tropical regions of the Americas. Plant collectors love the unique appearance of Bursera simaruba, which also boasts clusters of small white flowers and decorative red fruits. Its ability to thrive in dry, sandy soils makes it a sought-after addition to gardens seeking a tropical flair.
Every 14–21 days
Full sun to partial shade
60–85°F
40–70%
At a glance
How do you care for Gumbo-limbo?
Plant Gumbo-limbo in full sun to partial shade (USDA zones 10b–11b) and water a young tree every 14–21 days until it is established. It tolerates temperatures of 60–85°F (16–29°C). Fertilize it every 8 months during the growing season.
Where Is the Gumbo-limbo Native To?
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Aruba
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Belize
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Cayman Islands
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Curaçao
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- French Guiana
- Grenada
- Guadeloupe
- Guatemala
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Jamaica
- Martinique
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Puerto Rico
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Lucia
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Suriname
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- United States
- Venezuela
- Virgin Islands, British
- Virgin Islands, U.S.
What Is the Gumbo-limbo?
Gumbo-limbo (Bursera simaruba) belongs to the Burseraceae family within the Bursera genus. Gumbo-limbo is native to the Neotropics, from South Florida to Mexico and the Caribbean to Brazil, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. Gumbo-limbo is also known as Chaparro, West Indian Birch, Copperwood.
Gumbo-limbo displays a tall, branching tree growth habit, reaching up to 30 ft tall with a spread of approximately 15 ft. Gumbo-limbo produces small, inconspicuous flowers in clusters.
Leaf size: approximately 6 inches.
How Often Should You Water a Gumbo-limbo?
Water a young or newly planted Gumbo-limbo every 14–21 days, soaking the whole root zone, until it is established — usually one to two growing seasons. Established trees mainly need water during long dry spells. In a container, water whenever the top few centimetres of soil are dry.
Watering Frequency
Every 14–21 days
Until established; then in dry spells
What Light Does the Gumbo-limbo Need?
Gumbo-limbo thrives in full sun to partial shade.
Light Requirement
Full sun to partial shade
What Temperature and Humidity Does the Gumbo-limbo Prefer?
Bursera simaruba tolerates temperatures of 60–85°F. Gumbo-limbo prefers humidity levels of 40–70%.
Temperature
60–85°F
Humidity
40–70%
What Soil Mix Works Best for a Gumbo-limbo?
Well-draining sandy soil mix with added perlite and gravel for good drainage. Good drainage is essential for Gumbo-limbo to prevent waterlogging, which leads to root rot and fungal issues.
How Often Should You Fertilize a Gumbo-limbo?
Feed Gumbo-limbo every 8 months during the growing season with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at the rate on the label. Established trees in good soil often need little extra feeding, so let weak growth or pale foliage guide you.
Stop feeding by late summer so new growth can harden before winter.
Fertilizing
Every 8 months
During the growing season
The PlantoScan app can remind you when to water and when to fertilize each plant.
Where Should You Plant a Gumbo-limbo?
Choose a spot with full sun to partial shade and well-draining sandy soil mix with added perlite and gravel for good drainage. Avoid low spots where water collects after rain.
Gumbo-limbo is suited to USDA Zone 10b – 11b.
Plant container-grown or balled-and-burlapped trees in spring or early autumn, setting the root flare at soil level, and water well after planting.
How Far Apart Should You Plant a Gumbo-limbo?
Gumbo-limbo can spread to about 15 ft (4.6 m) and reach about 30 ft (9 m) tall. Space plants about 15 ft (4.6 m) apart so mature crowns don't crowd each other, and plant at least half that distance from buildings, fences and paths.
Planning a row or hedge? Try the tree spacing calculator.
How Do You Prune a Gumbo-limbo?
Prune Gumbo-limbo while it is dormant in late winter: first remove dead, damaged and crossing branches, then thin lightly for shape.
If it flowers in spring, prune right after flowering instead so you don't remove next year's buds. Never take off more than about a quarter of the tree in one year.
How Do You Care for a Gumbo-limbo in Winter?
Gumbo-limbo is frost-tender (hardy to USDA zone 10). In colder areas grow it in a container and move it to a bright, frost-free place before the first frost.
How Do You Propagate a Gumbo-limbo?
Gumbo-limbo can be propagated through seeds, stem cuttings. Similar propagation techniques also apply to aromatic bursera plant care, which shares the same genus.
Is the Gumbo-limbo Toxic to Pets and Children?
Pet safety not verified
The ASPCA does not list Gumbo-limbo, so we can't confirm whether it is safe for cats and dogs. Keep pets from chewing it as a precaution.
This is a general caution, not veterinary or medical advice. If your pet ate a plant, contact your vet or animal poison control.
See all plants toxic to cats and plants toxic to dogs.
What Pests and Diseases Affect the Gumbo-limbo?
Gumbo-limbo is susceptible to spider mites, scale insects. Inspect the foliage regularly, especially along leaf undersides and stems. Treat infestations promptly with insecticidal soap or neem oil to prevent spread.
Yellow leaves, brown tips or drooping? See common plant problems and how to fix them.
What USDA Hardiness Zone Does the Gumbo-limbo Need?
Gumbo-limbo grows outdoors in USDA Zone 10b – 11b. It survives winters down to planting zone 10b. Gumbo-limbo is native to the Neotropics, from South Florida to Mexico and the Caribbean to Brazil, Nicaragua, and Venezuela. In cooler regions, grow Gumbo-limbo as a houseplant or bring it indoors before the first frost.
Hardiness Zone
Zone 10b – 11b
Keep exploring plants
Gumbo-limbo is one of many species covered in the complete plant care and identification guide, which groups plants by genus, attribute, and popularity.
It belongs to the Bursera genus — compare its care with other Bursera species on PlantoScan.
Bursera is part of the Burseraceae plant family — browse all Burseraceae genera and species.
Gumbo-limbo thrives in bright light and direct sun — see other bright-light plants.
More Bursera Species
Other Bursera species in PlantoScan's care catalogue share similar watering, light, and soil preferences:
Sources
- Scientific name & taxonomy: Bursera simaruba Sarg., family Burseraceae (first published in Gard. & Forest 3: 260. 1890) — World Flora Online record, IPNI name record.
- Pet toxicity: Pet safety not verified: the ASPCA does not list Gumbo-limbo, so we can't confirm whether it is safe for cats and dogs. Checked against the ASPCA plant list; any other toxicity note on this page comes from PlantoScan's plant database.
- Photo: avocat, CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist — original.
- Hardiness zone: USDA Zone 10b – 11b, estimated from the plant's typical growing conditions.
- Care values(watering, light, temperature, humidity, soil, fertilizing): PlantoScan's plant database, filtered by automatic plausibility checks — values that fail them are hidden. How we source and check plant data.
Spotted a mistake? Email info@upvision.media with the page link — we check and correct reported errors.
